Home » Seguridad en una SAN Brocade I – Políticas SCC, DCC y AUTH

Seguridad en una SAN Brocade I – Políticas SCC, DCC y AUTH

En la administración de una red de fibra para almacenamiento más que medidas de seguridad de caracter preventivo son una práctica habitual el zoneado del switch ( o fabric) y el enmascaramiento de lunes (lun masking) desde la cabina en la provisión rutinaria de almacenamiento. Adiccionalmente, se puede añadir niveles de seguridad en la SAN con funcionalidades que proporcionan los fabricantes de switches de fibra. Ejemplos para tecnología Brocade son las políticas de control de las conexiones entre switches ( Switch Connection Control  – SCC)  y de control de dispositivos ( Device Connection Control – DCC). Lo que nos permiten hacer estas los políticas es restringir que switches y dispositivos se conectarán a la fabric.

SCC – Proteje las conexiónes inesperadas entre switches, se trata de verificar cada vez que se intenta realizar una conexión entre switches (ISL)  contra un listado de switches definido por la política.

DCC –   Proteje la conexiónes inesperadas entre dispositivos (HBAs de servidores, librerías, drives, VTLs, cabinas) con switches, se trata de verificar cada vez que se intenta realizar una conexión de un dispositivo de fibre  contra un listado de dispositivos definido por la política.

La aplicación de estas políticas pueden considerarse interesante en muchos casos, por ejemplo, si el parcheo de fibra y sus cambios es ajeno al personal de administración de la SAN, si se quiere minimizar el fallo humano, o evitar un intento de acceso no deseado de un equipo o un analizador de tráfico, …

La  SAN, al estar aislada sin acceso externo por otras redes es considerada segura, no necesitando medidas de protección especiales en apariencia. Pero si alguien consigue la contraseña de administración de alguno de los servidores conectado a la SAN, puede introducir driver de la HBAs modificados (o ni eso) para una  práctica de hack que es "wwn spoofing", es decir, modificar la HBA de un servidor con el wwn de otra que le permita tener acceso al recurso de almacenamiento  … y a sus datos. Recordemos que el sentido del hackering puede ser robar, corromper o destrozar el núcleo de información de la compañía. y … ¿ ésto lo evitaría DCC ? Si, ya que es una aplicación de "port locking" ( o "port binding") que es la asociación de un puerto a un wwn.

Para añadir un nivel mayor de seguridad se pueden usar protocolos de autenticación como DH-CHAP que pertenece a los protocolos FC-SP (Fibre Channel Security Protocols) definidos por la T11 y asegura mediante par de claves asociadas a wwn la negociación entre conexiones de forma segura. Aparte del "wwn spoofing" existen otras técnicas de hack en la fabric tales como "S_ID spoofing", " M-I-T-M attack" donde la aplicación de protocolos FC-SP  son eficaces para evitar cualquier riesgo de intrusión.

Para la tecnología Brocade está la política AUTH que implementa la autenticación entre switches y dispositivos a través de DH-CHAP / FCAP.

Otros puntos a revisar son las políticas de administración de contraseñas en los servidores de acceso a la SAN, en grandes compañías suelen haber muchos servidores que no son de produción con acceso a la SAN cuyas políticas de claves de administrador no suelen ser seguras y además son servidores que pueden estar fuera de las políticas restrictivas de la seguridad perimetral impuesta en el entorno de producción, y como podemos suponer ponen en grave compromiso el almacenamiento.
También es interesante para controlar este tipo de ataques la monitorización de las conexiones y desconexiones en la fabric, reinicios de servidores inesperados y wwn duplicados, además de tener procedimentados las acciones correspondientes para identificar lo más rápidamente la intrusión y aislarla. Hay muchos temas referentes a la seguridad como las virtual fabric, NPIV, interfaces de administración, políticas de distribución en la fabric,  que son muy interesantes su revisión. 

¿ Es vuestra SAN segura ? y … ¿ estás preparado para una intrusión?

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